Sleep apnea is a relatively common condition, particularly among certain populations. In the United States:
- Overall Prevalence: It’s estimated that sleep apnea affects about 25 million adults. This includes both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the most common form, and central sleep apnea.
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): The most common type, OSA, affects approximately 2% to 9% of adults in the general population. However, many cases are undiagnosed, so the actual prevalence might be higher.
- Age-Related Prevalence: Sleep apnea is more common in older adults, with studies suggesting that up to 20% to 30% of people aged 65 and older may have OSA. This increased prevalence in the elderly is due to factors like changes in sleep architecture, muscle tone, and the increased likelihood of obesity or other health conditions that contribute to airway obstruction.
- Gender Differences: Men are more likely to be diagnosed with sleep apnea than women, with about twice the prevalence in men. However, the risk for women increases after menopause, and the gap between men and women narrows in older age.
Sleep apnea can have serious health implications if left untreated, including increased risk for cardiovascular disease, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes, and daytime fatigue that can lead to accidents or reduced quality of life. Fortunately, it can be effectively managed with treatments such as Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy, lifestyle changes, or, in some cases, surgery.
